{"id":325,"date":"2017-10-16T15:48:43","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T19:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/?p=325"},"modified":"2017-10-17T14:14:07","modified_gmt":"2017-10-17T18:14:07","slug":"tendencies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/grammar\/tendency","title":{"rendered":"Tendencies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this lesson, we will go over various types of grammar that deal with tendencies. Like much of the Advanced Section, all the grammar in this lesson are used mostly in written works and are generally not used in conversational Japanese.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"part2\">Saying something is prone to occur using \u300c\uff5e\u304c\u3061\u300d<\/h2>\n<h3>Vocabulary<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u898b\u308b \u3010\u307f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to see<\/li>\n<li>\u306a\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to become<\/li>\n<li>\u75c5\u6c17 \u3010\u3073\u3087\u3046\u30fb\u304d\u3011 &#8211; disease; sickness<\/li>\n<li>\u78ba\u5b9a \u3010\u304b\u304f\u30fb\u3066\u3044\u3011 &#8211; decision; settlement<\/li>\n<li>\u7533\u544a \u3010\u3057\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u304f\u3011 &#8211; report; statement; filing a return<\/li>\n<li>\u78ba\u5b9a\u7533\u544a \u3010\u304b\u304f\u30fb\u3066\u3044\u30fb\u3057\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u304f\u3011 &#8211; final income tax return<\/li>\n<li>\u5fd8\u308c\u308b \u3010\u308f\u3059\u30fb\u308c\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to forget<\/li>\n<li>\u624b\u7d9a \u3010\u3066\u30fb\u3064\u3065\u304d\u3011 &#8211; procedure, paperwork<\/li>\n<li>\u7559\u5b88 \u3010\u308b\u3059\u3011 &#8211; being away from home<\/li>\n<li>\u5bb6\u5ead \u3010\u304b\u30fb\u3066\u3044\u3011 &#8211; household<\/li>\n<li>\u72ac \u3010\u3044\u306c\u3011 &#8211; dog<\/li>\n<li>\u732b \u3010\u306d\u3053\u3011 &#8211; cat<\/li>\n<li>\u52e7\u3081 \u3010\u3059\u3059\u30fb\u3081\u3011 &#8211; recommendation<\/li>\n<li>\u7236\u89aa \u3010\u3061\u3061\u30fb\u304a\u3084\u3011 &#8211; father<\/li>\n<li>\u7686 \u3010\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3011 &#8211; everybody<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc3\u914d \u3010\u3057\u3093\u30fb\u3071\u3044\u3011 &#8211; worry; concern<\/li>\n<li>\u3059\u308b (exception) &#8211; to do<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>This is arguably the most useful grammar in this lesson in terms of practically. By that, I mean that it&#8217;s the only grammar here that you might actually hear in a regular conversation though again, it is far more common in a written context.<\/p>\n<p>\nWith this grammar, you can say that something is likely to occur by simply attaching \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d to the stem of the verb. While, \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d is a suffix, it works in much same way as a noun or na-adjective. In other words, the result becomes a description of something as being likely. This means that we can do things like modifying nouns by attaching \u300c\u306a\u300d and other things we&#8217;re used to doing with na-adjectives. You can also say that something is prone to <i>be<\/i> something by attaching \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d to the noun.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAs the word &#8220;prone&#8221; suggest, \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d is usually used for tendencies that are bad or undesirable.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"sumbox\">\n<span class=\"summary\">Using \u300c\uff5e\u304c\u3061\u300d as a description of an action prone to occur<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>For verbs:<\/b> Attach \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d to the stem of the verb.<br \/>\nExamples<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u898b<em><strike>\u308b<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u898b<em>\u304c\u3061<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u306a<em><strike>\u308b<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u306a<em>\u308a<\/em> \u2192 \u306a\u308a<em>\u304c\u3061<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>For nouns:<\/b> Attach \u300c\u304c\u3061\u300d to the appropriate noun<br \/>\nExample: \u75c5\u6c17 \u2192 \u75c5\u6c17<em>\u304c\u3061<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><center><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"5\">\n<caption>All adjectives that are conjugated with \u300c\uff5e\u304c\u3061\u300d become a noun\/na-adjective<\/caption>\n<tr align=\"center\">\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Positive<\/th>\n<th>Negative<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr align=\"center\">\n<th>Non-Past<\/th>\n<td>\u306a\u308a\u304c\u3061<br \/>prone to become<\/td>\n<td>\u306a\u308a\u304c\u3061\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044<br \/>is not prone to become<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr align=\"center\">\n<th>Past<\/th>\n<td>\u306a\u308a\u304c\u3061\u3060\u3063\u305f<br \/>was prone to become<\/td>\n<td>\u306a\u308a\u304c\u3061\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<br \/>was not prone to become<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/center>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Examples<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u78ba\u5b9a\u7533\u544a\u306f<em>\u5fd8\u308c\u304c\u3061<\/em>\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3060\u3002<br \/>\nFiling income taxes is one of those processes that one is prone to forget.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7559\u5b88<em>\u304c\u3061<\/em>\u306a\u3054\u5bb6\u5ead\u306b\u306f\u3001\u72ac\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u732b\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u304a\u3059\u3059\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002<br \/>\nFor families that tend to be away from home, cats are recommended over dogs.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7236\u89aa\u306f\u75c5\u6c17<em>\u304c\u3061<\/em>\u3067\u3001\u307f\u3093\u306a\u304c\u5fc3\u914d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\nFather is prone to illness and everybody is worried.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>For more examples, check out the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csse.monash.edu.au\/~jwb\/cgi-bin\/wwwjdic.cgi?1Q%BE%A1%A4%C1_1_%A4%AC%A4%C1\">WWWJDIC examples<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"part3\">Describing an ongoing occurrence using \u300c\uff5e\u3064\u3064\u300d<\/h2>\n<h3>Vocabulary<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3 &#8211; TV, television<\/li>\n<li>\u898b\u308b \u3010\u307f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to see<\/li>\n<li>\u5bdd\u308b \u3010\u306d\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to sleep<\/li>\n<li>\u601d\u3046 \u3010\u304a\u3082\u30fb\u3046\u3011 (u-verb) &#8211; to think<\/li>\n<li>\u306a\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to become<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u65e5\u9154\u3044 \u3010\u3075\u3064\u30fb\u304b\u30fb\u3088\u3044\u3011 &#8211; hangover<\/li>\n<li>\u75db\u3080 \u3010\u3044\u305f\u30fb\u3080\u3011 (u-verb) &#8211; to feel pain<\/li>\n<li>\u982d \u3010\u3042\u305f\u307e\u3011 &#8211; head<\/li>\n<li>\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u308b \u3010\u304a\u3055\u30fb\u3048\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to hold something down; to grasp<\/li>\n<li>\u30c8\u30a4\u30ec &#8211; bathroom; toilet<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u308b \u3010\u306f\u3044\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (u-verb) &#8211; to enter<\/li>\n<li>\u4f53 \u3010\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3011 &#8211; body<\/li>\n<li>\u3044\u3044 (i-adj) &#8211; good<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u8fd1 \u3010\u3055\u3044\u30fb\u304d\u3093\u3011 &#8211; recent; lately<\/li>\n<li>\u5168\u7136 \u3010\u305c\u3093\u30fb\u305c\u3093\u3011 &#8211; not at all (when used with negative)<\/li>\n<li>\u904b\u52d5 \u3010\u3046\u3093\u30fb\u3069\u3046\u3011 &#8211; exercise<\/li>\n<li>\u3059\u308b (exception) &#8211; to do<\/li>\n<li>\u96fb\u6c17 \u3010\u3067\u3093\u30fb\u304d\u3011 &#8211; electricity; (electric) light<\/li>\n<li>\u88fd\u54c1 \u3010\u305b\u3044\u30fb\u3072\u3093\u3011 &#8211; manufactured goods, product<\/li>\n<li>\u767a\u5c55 \u3010\u306f\u3063\u30fb\u3066\u3093\u3011 &#8211; development; growth; advancement<\/li>\n<li>\u3064\u308c\u308b (ru-verb) &#8211; to lead<\/li>\n<li>\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af &#8211; hard disk<\/li>\n<li>\u5bb9\u91cf \u3010\u3088\u3046\u30fb\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3011 &#8211; capacity<\/li>\n<li>\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059 &#8211; increasingly<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u304d\u3044 \u3010\u304a\u304a\u30fb\u304d\u3044\u3011(i-adj) &#8211; big<\/li>\n<li>\u3042\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to exist (inanimate)<\/li>\n<li>\u4eca \u3010\u3044\u307e\u3011 &#8211; now<\/li>\n<li>\u65e5\u672c \u3010\u306b\u30fb\u307b\u3093\u3011 &#8211; Japan<\/li>\n<li>\u7d42\u8eab \u3010\u3057\u3085\u3046\u30fb\u3057\u3093\u3011 &#8211; lifetime<\/li>\n<li>\u96c7\u7528 \u3010\u3053\u30fb\u3088\u3046\u3011 &#8211; employment<\/li>\n<li>\u5e74\u529f \u3010\u306d\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u3046\u3011 &#8211; long service<\/li>\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217 \u3010\u3058\u3087\u30fb\u308c\u3064\u3011 &#8211; order<\/li>\n<li>\u5e74\u529f\u5e8f\u5217 \u3010\u306d\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u3046\u30fb\u3058\u3087\u30fb\u308c\u3064\u3011 &#8211; seniority system<\/li>\n<li>\u8a00\u3046 \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u3046\u3011 (u-verb) &#8211; to say<\/li>\n<li>\u6163\u884c \u3010\u304b\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u3046\u3011 &#8211; customary practice<\/li>\n<li>\u5d29\u308c\u308b \u3010\u304f\u305a\u30fb\u308c\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to collapse; to crumble<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d is a verb modifier that can be attached to the stem of verbs to express an ongoing occurrence. Though the meaning stays essentially the same, there are essentially two ways to use this grammar. The first is almost identical to the \u300c\uff5e\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300d grammar. You can use \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d to describe an action that is taking place while another action is ongoing. However, there are several major differences between \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d and \u300c\uff5e\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300d. First, the tone of \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d is very different from that of \u300c\uff5e\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300d and you would rarely, if ever, use it for regular everyday occurrences. To go along with this, \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d is more appropriate for more literary or abstract actions such as those involving emotions or thoughts. Second, \u300c\uff5e\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300d is used to describe an auxiliary action that takes place while the main action is going on. However, with \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d, both actions have equal weight.<\/p>\n<p>For example, it would sound very strange to say the following.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092<em><strike>\u898b\u3064\u3064<\/strike><\/em>\u3001\u5bdd\u3061\u3083\u30c0\u30e1\u3088\uff01<br \/>\n(Sounds unnatural)\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092<em>\u898b\u306a\u304c\u3089<\/em>\u3001\u5bdd\u3061\u3083\u30c0\u30e1\u3088\uff01<br \/>\nDon&#8217;t watch TV while sleeping!\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The second way to use this grammar is to express the existence of a continuing process by using \u300c\u3042\u308b\u300d, the verb for existence. Everything is the same as before except that you  attach \u300c\u3042\u308b\u300d to \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d to produce \u300c\uff5e\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b\u300d. This is often used in magazine or newspaper articles to describe a certain trend or tide.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"sumbox\">\n<span class=\"summary\">Using \u300c\uff5e\u3064\u3064\u300d to describe a repetitive occurrence<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To describe an ongoing action, attach \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d to the stem of the verb.<br \/>\nExamples<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u898b<em><strike>\u308b<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u898b<em>\u3064\u3064<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u601d<em><strike>\u3046<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u601d<em>\u3044<\/em> \u2192 \u601d\u3044<em>\u3064\u3064<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>To show the existence of a trend or tide, add \u300c\u3042\u308b\u300d to \u300c\u3064\u3064\u300d<br \/>\nExample: \u306a<em><strike>\u308b<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u306a<em>\u308a<\/em> \u2192 \u306a\u308a<em>\u3064\u3064<\/em> \u2192 \u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064<em>\u3042\u308b<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Examples<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e8c\u65e5\u9154\u3044\u3067\u75db\u3080\u982d\u3092<em>\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u3064\u3064<\/em>\u3001\u30c8\u30a4\u30ec\u306b\u5165\u3063\u305f\u3002<br \/>\nWent into the bathroom while holding an aching head from a hangover.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4f53\u306b\u3088\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3068<em>\u601d\u3044\u3064\u3064<\/em>\u3001\u6700\u8fd1\u306f\u5168\u7136\u904b\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\nWhile thinking it&#8217;s bad for body, haven&#8217;t exercised at all recently.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u96fb\u6c17\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u767a\u5c55\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3066\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf\u306f\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u5927\u304d\u304f<em>\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nLead by the advancement of electronic products, hard disk drive capacities are becoming ever larger.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4eca\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d42\u8eab\u96c7\u7528\u3084\u5e74\u529f\u5e8f\u5217\u3068\u3044\u3046\u96c7\u7528\u6163\u884c\u304c<em>\u5d29\u308c\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nIn today&#8217;s Japan, hiring practices like life-time employment and age-based ranking are tending to break down.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>For more examples, check out the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csse.monash.edu.au\/cgi-bin\/cgiwrap\/jwb\/wwwjdic?1Q%A4%C4%A4%C4_0__\">WWWJDIC examples<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"part4\">Describing a negative tendency using \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d<\/h2>\n<h3>Vocabulary<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5acc\u3044 \u3010\u304d\u3089\u30fb\u3044\u3011 (na-adj) &#8211; distasteful, hateful<\/li>\n<li>\u4f9d\u5b58\u75c7 \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u305e\u3093\u30fb\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3011 &#8211; dependence; addiction<\/li>\n<li>\u3042\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to exist (inanimate)<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u3044 \u3010\u304a\u304a\u30fb\u3044\u3011 (i-adj) &#8211; numerous<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u5b66\u751f \u3010\u3060\u3044\u30fb\u304c\u304f\u30fb\u305b\u3044\u3011 &#8211; college student<\/li>\n<li>\u7de0\u5207\u65e5 \u3010\u3057\u3081\u30fb\u304d\u308a\u30fb\u3073\u3011 &#8211; closing day; deadline<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u304e\u308a\u304e\u308a &#8211; at the last moment; just barely<\/li>\n<li>\u5bbf\u984c \u3010\u3057\u3085\u304f\u30fb\u3060\u3044\u3011 &#8211; homework<\/li>\n<li>\u3084\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to do<\/li>\n<li>\u30b3\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 &#8211; coding<\/li>\n<li>\u597d\u304d \u3010\u3059\u30fb\u304d\u3011 (na-adj) &#8211; likable; desirable<\/li>\n<li>\u958b\u767a\u8005 \u3010\u304b\u3044\u30fb\u306f\u3064\u30fb\u3057\u3083\u3011 &#8211; developer<\/li>\n<li>\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3068 &#8211; properly<\/li>\n<li>\u3059\u308b (exception) &#8211; to do<\/li>\n<li>\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8 &#8211; document<\/li>\n<li>\u4f5c\u6210 \u3010\u3055\u304f\u30fb\u305b\u3044\u3011 &#8211; creation<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u5206 \u3010\u3058\u3085\u3046\u30fb\u3076\u3093\u3011 &#8211; sufficient, adequate<\/li>\n<li>\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 &#8211; test<\/li>\n<li>\u6020\u308b \u3010\u304a\u3053\u305f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (u-verb) &#8211; to shirk<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d is a fixed expression used to describe a bad tendency or habit. I suspect that \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u300d here <i>might<\/i> have something to do with the word for hateful: \u300c\u5acc\u3044\u300d. However, unlike \u300c\u5acc\u3044\u300d, which is a na-adjective, the \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u300d in this grammar functions as a noun. This is made plain by the fact that the \u300c\u304c\u300d particle comes right after \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u300d, which is not allowed for adjectives. The rest of the phrase is simply expressing the fact that the negative tendency exists.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sumbox\">\n<span class=\"summary\">Using \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d to describe a negative tendency<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The \u300c\u304d\u3089\u3044\u300d in this grammar functions as a noun. \u300c\u3042\u308b\u300d is simply the existence verb for inanimate objects.<br \/>\nExample: \u4f9d\u5b58\u75c7<em>\u306e<\/em>\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Examples<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u306f\u3001\u7de0\u5207\u65e5\u304e\u308a\u304e\u308a\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5bbf\u984c\u3092\u3084\u3089\u306a\u3044<em>\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nA lot of college students have a bad tendency of not doing their homework until just barely it&#8217;s due date.\n<\/li>\n<li>\u30b3\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u304c\u597d\u304d\u306a\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306f\u3001\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u4f5c\u6210\u3068\u5341\u5206\u306a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u6020\u308b<em>\u304d\u3089\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nDevelopers that like coding have a bad tendency to neglect proper documents and adequate testing.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this lesson, we will go over various types of grammar that deal with tendencies. Like much of the Advanced Section, all the grammar in this lesson are used mostly in written works and are generally not used in conversational Japanese. Saying something is prone to occur using \u300c\uff5e\u304c\u3061\u300d Vocabulary \u898b\u308b \u3010\u307f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) &#8211; to &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/grammar\/tendency\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Tendencies&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"series":[4],"class_list":["post-325","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advanced-topics","series-grammar-guide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=325"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/325\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=325"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=325"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}