{"id":331,"date":"2017-10-16T15:51:39","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T19:51:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/?p=331"},"modified":"2017-10-17T14:14:35","modified_gmt":"2017-10-17T18:14:35","slug":"immediate-events","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/grammar\/immedate","title":{"rendered":"Immediate Events"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this section, we will be covering some advanced grammar that describe an action that takes place right after something else has occurred. I suggest you look over this section if you are really serious about completely mastering Japanese, or if you plan to take the level 1 JLPT exam, or if you enjoy reading a lot of Japanese literature.<\/p>\n

Using \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d to describe the instant something occurred<\/h2>\n

Vocabulary<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \u65e9\u3044 \u3010\u306f\u3084\u30fb\u3044\u3011 (i-adj) – fast; early<\/li>\n
  2. \u8a00\u3046 \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u3046\u3011 (u-verb) – to say<\/li>\n
  3. \u5f7c\u5973 \u3010\u304b\u306e\u30fb\u3058\u3087\u3011 – she; girlfriend<\/li>\n
  4. \u6559\u6388 \u3010\u304d\u3087\u3046\u30fb\u3058\u3085\u3011 – professor<\/li>\n
  5. \u59ff \u3010\u3059\u304c\u305f\u3011 – figure<\/li>\n
  6. \u898b\u308b \u3010\u307f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) – to see<\/li>\n
  7. \u6559\u5ba4 \u3010\u304d\u3087\u3046\u30fb\u3057\u3064\u3011 – classroom<\/li>\n
  8. \u9003\u3052\u51fa\u3059 \u3010\u306b\u30fb\u3052\u30fb\u3060\u30fb\u3059\u3011 (u-verb) – to run away<\/li>\n
  9. \u98df\u3079\u308b \u3010\u305f\u30fb\u3079\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) – to eat<\/li>\n
  10. \u53e3 \u3010\u304f\u3061\u3011 – mouth<\/li>\n
  11. \u4e2d \u3010\u306a\u304b\u3011 – inside<\/li>\n
  12. \u653e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080 \u3010\u307b\u3046\u30fb\u308a\u30fb\u3053\u30fb\u3080\u3011 (u-verb) – to throw into<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The phrase \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d is used to describe something that happened the instant something else occurred.<\/p>\n

    While very similar to the \u300c\u3068\u305f\u3093\u306b\u300d grammar, it has a strong emphasis on how soon one thing occurred after another as if it’s almost simultaneous. This grammar is rarely used outside of Japanese language tests.<\/p>\n

    To use this grammar, you attach \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d to the first verb, then you describe the event that happened the next instant. While it’s conventional to use the non-past tense (dictionary form) for the first verb, you can also use the past tense. For example, you can say either \u300c\u8a00\u3046<\/em>\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d or \u300c\u8a00\u3063\u305f<\/em>\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d. The curious thing about this grammar is that the \u300c\u304c\u300d particle comes right after the verb. Remember, you can do this only<\/i> with this specific grammatical phrase.<\/p>\n

    \nUsing \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d to describe what happened the instant something occurred<\/span><\/p>\n
      \n
    • Attach \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d to the non-past or past tense of the verb that just occurred
      \nExamples<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u8a00\u3046 \u2192 \u8a00\u3046\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b<\/em><\/li>\n
      2. \u8a00\u3046<\/strike><\/em> \u2192 \u8a00\u3063\u305f<\/em> \u2192 \u8a00\u3063\u305f\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
      3. You can only use this grammar only for events that are directly related.<\/li>\n
      4. You can only use this grammar only for events that actually happened (past tense).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

        Examples<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. \u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u3001\u6559\u6388\u306e\u59ff\u3092\u898b\u308b\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b<\/em>\u3001\u6559\u5ba4\u304b\u3089\u9003\u3052\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u3002
          \nThe instant (she) saw the professor’s figure, (she) ran away from the classroom.\n<\/li>\n
        2. \u300c\u98df\u3079\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b<\/em>\u3001\u53e3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u653e\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u3002
          \nThe instant (he) said “let’s try eating it”, he threw (it) into his mouth.\n<\/li>\n
        3. \u300c\u98df\u3079\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u305f\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b<\/em>\u3001\u53e3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u653e\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u3002
          \nThe instant (he) said “let’s try eating it”, he threw (it) into his mouth.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Using \u300c\u3084\uff0f\u3084\u5426\u3084\u300d to describe what happened right after<\/h2>\n

          Vocabulary<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. \u65e9\u3044 \u3010\u306f\u3084\u30fb\u3044\u3011 (i-adj) – fast; early<\/li>\n
          2. \u5426\u5b9a \u3010\u3072\u30fb\u3066\u3044\u3011 – denial<\/li>\n
          3. \u898b\u308b \u3010\u307f\u30fb\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) – to see<\/li>\n
          4. \u79c1 \u3010\u308f\u305f\u3057\u3011 – me, myself, I<\/li>\n
          5. \u9854 \u3010\u304b\u304a\u3011 – face<\/li>\n
          6. \u4f55 \u3010\u306a\u306b\uff0f\u306a\u3093\u3011 – what<\/li>\n
          7. \u8a00\u3046 \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u3046\u3011 (u-verb) – to say<\/li>\n
          8. \u3059\u308b (exception) – to do<\/li>\n
          9. \u642d\u4e57 \u3010\u3068\u3046\u30fb\u3058\u3087\u3046\u3011 – boarding<\/li>\n
          10. \u30a2\u30ca\u30a6\u30f3\u30b9 – announcement<\/li>\n
          11. \u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b \u3010\u304d\u30fb\u3053\u3048\u308b\u3011 (ru-verb) – to be audible<\/li>\n
          12. \u7686 \u3010\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3011 – everybody<\/li>\n
          13. \u30b2\u30fc\u30c8 – gate<\/li>\n
          14. \u65b9 \u3010\u307b\u3046\u3011 – direction, way<\/li>\n
          15. \u8d70\u308a\u51fa\u3059 \u3010\u306f\u3057\u30fb\u308a\u30fb\u3060\u30fb\u3059\u3011 (u-verb) – to break into a run<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            The \u300c\u3084\u300d or \u300c\u3084\u5426\u3084\u300d\uff08\u3084\u3044\u306a\u3084\uff09 phrase, when appended to a verb, is used to described something that happened right after that verb. Its meaning is essential the same as \u300c\u304c\u65e9\u3044\u304b\u300d. It is also another type of grammar that is not really used in regular conversational Japanese.<\/p>\n

            \u300c\u5426\u300d \uff08read here as \u300c\u3044\u306a\u300d\uff09 is a Kanji meaning “no” used in words like \u300c\u5426\u5b9a\u300d. The literal meaning of this grammar is “whether the action was taken or not”. In order words, the second action is taken before you even take the time to determine whether the first event really happened or not.\n<\/p>\n

            \nYou can use this grammar by attaching \u300c\u3084\u300d or \u300c\u3084\u5426\u3084\u300d to the dictionary form of the first verb that occurred. Since this grammar is used for events that already have occurred, the second verb is usually in the past tense. However, you can use the dictionary tense to indicate that the events happen regularly.\n<\/p>\n

            \nUsing \u300c\u3084\uff0f\u3084\u5426\u3084\u300d to describe what happened right after<\/span><\/p>\n