{"id":407,"date":"2017-10-16T18:30:37","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T22:30:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/?p=407"},"modified":"2017-10-17T14:21:58","modified_gmt":"2017-10-17T18:21:58","slug":"identifying-the-unknown","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/complete\/unknown","title":{"rendered":"Identifying the unknown"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u300c\u304c\u300d identifier particle<\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fQKy44eVYT4\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>With the \u300c\u306f\u300d topic particle, you have to know what you want to talk about ahead of time. Obviously this will not always be the case. For example, if you wanted to know what kind of food somebody liked, it would be impossible to ask if each kind was his\/her favorite using the topic particle saying &#8220;as for this&#8221; and &#8220;as for that&#8221;. That is what the \u300c\u304c\u300d particle is for: to identify or seek to identify an unknown.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u30d4\u30b6 &#8211; pizza<\/li>\n<li>\u597d\u304d \u3010\u3059\u30fb\u304d\u3011 (na-adj) &#8211; likable<\/li>\n<li>\u3069\u3093\u306a &#8211; what kind of<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d4\u30b6\u306f\u3001\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<br \/>\nAs for pizza, do (you) like it?<\/li>\n<li>\u3069\u3093\u306a\u30d4\u30b6<em>\u304c<\/em>\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<br \/>\nWhat kind of pizza do (like)? (Among all possibilities)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can sometimes restructure your sentence to mean the same thing with and without the \u300c\u304c\u300d particle.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u597d\u304d \u3010\u3059\u30fb\u304d\u3011 (na-adj) &#8211; likable<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u7269 \u3010\u305f\u30fb\u3079\u30fb\u3082\u306e\u3011 &#8211; food<\/li>\n<li>\u4f55 \u3010\u306a\u306b\uff0f\u306a\u3093\u3011 &#8211; what<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u597d\u304d\u306a\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<br \/>\nAs for food that (you) like, what is it?<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306f\u3001\u4f55<em>\u304c<\/em>\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<br \/>\nAs for food, what is it that you like? (Among all possibilities)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, while the topic particle can only bring up a general topic of conversation, the identifier particle plays a specific role in that it&#8217;s identifying a particular thing among other possibilities. <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5fd9\u3057\u3044 \u3010\u3044\u305d\u304c\u30fb\u3057\u3044\u3011 (i-adj) &#8211; busy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30b9\u30df\u30b9\u3055\u3093<em>\u306f<\/em>\u3001\u5fd9\u3057\u3044\u3002<br \/>\nAs for Smith-san, busy.<\/li>\n<li>\u30b9\u30df\u30b9\u3055\u3093<em>\u304c<\/em>\u5fd9\u3057\u3044\u3002<br \/>\nSmith-san <em>is the one<\/em> that is busy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Which teacher do you like the most?<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u3069\u306e &#8211; which<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u756a \u3010\u3044\u3061\u30fb\u3070\u3093\u3011 &#8211; number 1; the best; the most<\/li>\n<li>\u304b\u308f\u3044\u3044 (i-adj) &#8211; cute<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u5e74\u751f \u3010\u306b\u30fb\u306d\u3093\u30fb\u305b\u3044\u3011 &#8211; second year; sophomore<\/li>\n<li>\u6765\u5e74 \u3010\u3089\u3044\u30fb\u306d\u3093\u3011 &#8211; next year<\/li>\n<li>\u697d\u3057\u307f \u3010\u305f\u306e\u30fb\u3057\u307f\u3011 &#8211; something to look forward to<\/li>\n<li>\u306a\u3093\u3067 &#8211; why<\/li>\n<li>\u6388\u696d \u3010\u3058\u3085\u30fb\u304e\u3087\u3046\u3011 &#8211; class<\/li>\n<li>\u9762\u767d\u3044 \u3010\u304a\u3082\u30fb\u3057\u308d\u30fb\u3044\u3011 &#8211; interesting<\/li>\n<li>\u96e3\u3057\u3044 \u3010\u3080\u305a\u304b\u30fb\u3057\u3044\u3011 &#8211; difficult<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u30ea\u30fc\uff1a \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3055\u3093\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u5148\u751f<em>\u304c<\/em>\u4e00\u756a\u597d\u304d\uff1f<br \/>\n\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u7530\u4e2d\u5148\u751f<em>\u304c<\/em>\u597d\u304d\u3060\u306d\u3002<br \/>\n\u30ea\u30fc\uff1a \u305d\u3046\u3060\u306d\u3002\u304b\u308f\u3044\u3044\u3088\u306d\u3002\u3067\u3082\u3001\u4e8c\u5e74\u751f\u306e\u5148\u751f\u3060\u3088\u306d\u3002<br \/>\n\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u6765\u5e74<em>\u304c<\/em>\u697d\u3057\u307f\u3060\uff01<br \/>\n\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c71\u672c\u5148\u751f<em>\u304c<\/em>\u597d\u304d\u3088\u3002<br \/>\n\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u3048\uff1f\u306a\u3093\u3067\uff1f<br \/>\n\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u6388\u696d<em>\u304c<\/em>\u9762\u767d\u304f\u306a\u3044\uff1f<br \/>\n\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u9762\u767d\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3088\uff01\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3088\uff01<br \/>\n\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u305d\u3046\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"toggleSpoilers(); return false;\">Toggle Translations<\/a><br \/>\n<span class=\"spoiler\"><br \/>\nLee: As for John-san, which teacher do (you) like the most?<br \/>\nJohn: (I) like Tanaka-sensei.<br \/>\nLee: That&#8217;s so, isn&#8217;t it? She is cute. But (she&#8217;s) second-year teacher.<br \/>\nJohn: Looking forward to next year!<br \/>\nAlice: As for me, I like Yamamoto-sensei, you know?<br \/>\nJohn: Huh? Why?<br \/>\nAlice: Isn&#8217;t (his) class interesting?<br \/>\nJohn: It&#8217;s not interesting! It&#8217;s difficult!<br \/>\nAlice: Is that so?<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>The one or thing that&#8230;<\/h3>\n<p>Though it doesn&#8217;t work all the time, a simple trick to easily distinguish \u300c\u304c\u300d is to translate it as &#8220;the one or thing that&#8230;&#8221;. This way, it clearly illustrates the \u300c\u304c\u300d particle as identifying a particular thing or person.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7530\u4e2d\u5148\u751f<em>\u304c<\/em>\u597d\u304d\u3002<br \/>\nTanaka-sensei <em>is the one that<\/em> (I) like.<\/li>\n<li>\u6388\u696d<em>\u304c<\/em>\u9762\u767d\u304f\u306a\u3044\uff1f<br \/>\nIsn&#8217;t (his) class <em>the thing that<\/em> is interesting?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u300c\u304c\u300d identifier particle With the \u300c\u306f\u300d topic particle, you have to know what you want to talk about ahead of time. Obviously this will not always be the case. For example, if you wanted to know what kind of food somebody liked, it would be impossible to ask if each kind was his\/her favorite using &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/complete\/unknown\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Identifying the unknown&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"series":[7],"class_list":["post-407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nouns-and-adjectives","series-complete-guide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=407"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/407\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=407"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}