{"id":427,"date":"2017-10-16T18:50:03","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T22:50:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/?p=427"},"modified":"2017-10-17T15:08:19","modified_gmt":"2017-10-17T19:08:19","slug":"existence-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/complete\/existence","title":{"rendered":"Existence Verbs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With the state-of-being that we learned in the last chapter, we could only describe what someone or something is. In this section, we&#8217;ll learn to express whether someone or something exists and where.<\/p>\n<p>There are two verbs that show existence for animate and inanimate objects.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u3042\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to exist (inanimate)<\/li>\n<li>\u3044\u308b (ru-verb) &#8211; to exist (animate)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Without getting caught up with the details, \u300c\u3044\u308b\u300d is generally used for things that can move of their own volition such as humans or animals while \u300c\u3042\u308b\u300d is for inanimate objects and abstract concepts such as time.<\/p>\n<h3>Example<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u3069\u3053 &#8211; where<\/li>\n<li>\u6642\u9593 \u3010\u3058\u30fb\u304b\u3093\u3011 &#8211; time<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\u3061\u3083\u3093\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u306b<em>\u3044\u308b<\/em>\uff1f<br \/>\nWhere is Alice-chan? (lit: Alice-chan exists at where?)<\/li>\n<li>\u6642\u9593\u306f<em>\u3042\u308b<\/em>\uff1f<br \/>\nDo (you) have time? (lit: Is there time?)<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Location<\/h2>\n<p>With some additional vocabulary, you can use these two verbs to describe the location of anything or anyone.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u3053\u3053 &#8211; here<\/li>\n<li>\u305d\u3053 &#8211; there<\/li>\n<li>\u3042\u305d\u3053 &#8211; over there (farther away)<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0a \u3010\u3046\u3048\u3011 &#8211; above<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0b \u3010\u3057\u305f\u3011 &#8211; below<\/li>\n<li>\u53f3 \u3010\u307f\u304e\u3011 &#8211; right<\/li>\n<li>\u5de6 \u3010\u3072\u3060\u308a\u3011 &#8211; left<\/li>\n<li>\u524d \u3010\u307e\u3048\u3011 &#8211; front; before<\/li>\n<li>\u5f8c\u308d \u3010\u3046\u3057\u30fb\u308d\u3011 &#8211; behind<\/li>\n<li>\u96a3 \u3010\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3011 &#8211; next to<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Example<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9375 \u3010\u304b\u304e\u3011 &#8211; key<\/li>\n<li>\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb &#8211; table<\/li>\n<li>\u9280\u884c \u3010\u304e\u3093\u30fb\u3053\u3046\u3011 &#8211; bank<\/li>\n<li>\u90f5\u4fbf\u5c40 \u3010\u3086\u3046\u30fb\u3073\u3093\u30fb\u304d\u3087\u304f\u3011 &#8211;  post office<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\u306f\u3001<em>\u5b66\u6821\u306e\u5f8c\u308d\u306b\u3044\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nAlice is behind (the) school. (lit: As for Alice, exists behind of school.)<\/p>\n<li>\u9375\u306f\u3001<em>\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nKey is above (the) table. (lit: As for key, exists above of table.)<\/li>\n<li>\u9280\u884c\u306f\u3001<em>\u90f5\u4fbf\u5c40\u306e\u96a3\u306b\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3002<br \/>\nBank is next to post office. (lit: As for bank, exist next of post office.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Any cute girls there?<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\u660e\u65e5 \u3010\u3042\u3057\u305f\u3011 &#8211; tomorrow<\/li>\n<li>\u30af\u30e9\u30d6 &#8211; club<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u304f \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u304f\u3011 &#8211; to go<\/li>\n<li>\u3059\u308b &#8211; to do<\/li>\n<li>\u4f1a\u8a71 \u3010\u304b\u3044\u30fb\u308f\u3011 &#8211; conversation<\/li>\n<li>\u7df4\u7fd2 \u3010\u308c\u3093\u30fb\u3057\u3085\u3046\u3011 &#8211; practice<\/li>\n<li>\u4ffa \u3010\u304a\u308c\u3011 &#8211; me; myself (masculine and very casual)<\/li>\n<li>\u5bbf\u984c \u3010\u3057\u3085\u304f\u30fb\u3060\u3044\u3011 &#8211; homework<\/li>\n<li>\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093 &#8211; a lot (amount)<\/li>\n<li>\u65e5\u672c\u4eba \u3010\u306b\u30fb\u307b\u3093\u30fb\u3058\u3093\u3011 &#8211; Japanese person<\/li>\n<li>\u304b\u308f\u3044\u3044 &#8211; cute<\/li>\n<li>\u5973 \u3010\u304a\u3093\u306a\u3011 &#8211; woman<\/li>\n<li>\u5b50 \u3010\u3053\u3011 &#8211; child<\/li>\n<li>\u5973\u306e\u5b50 \u3010\u304a\u3093\u306a\u30fb\u306e\u30fb\u3053\u3011 &#8211; girl<\/li>\n<li>\u3042\u306e\u3046 &#8211; um; excuse me<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u5fdc \u3010\u3044\u3061\u30fb\u304a\u3046\u3011 &#8211; for the time being; just in case<\/li>\n<li>\u3084\u3063\u3071\u308a &#8211; as expected (casual)<\/li>\n<li>\u30e0\u30ab\u3064\u304f &#8211; to get irritated<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u660e\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30d6\u304c<em>\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u3051\u3069\u3001\u884c\u304f\uff1f<br \/>\nAlice: There&#8217;s Japanese club tomorrow, want to go? (lit: Tomorrow, Japanese club exists but go?)<\/p>\n<p>\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30d6\u3067\u4f55\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306e\uff1f<br \/>\nJohn: What do (you) do at Japanese club?<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u4f1a\u8a71\u306e\u7df4\u7fd2\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3002<br \/>\nAlice: (You) do Japanese conversation practice.<\/p>\n<p>\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u4ffa\u306f\u3001\u5bbf\u984c\u304c\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093<em>\u3042\u308b<\/em>\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3002<br \/>\nJohn: I have a lot of homework so (I&#8217;m) good. (lit: As for me, a lot of homework exists so good.)<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3082<em>\u3044\u308b<\/em>\u3088\u3002<br \/>\nAlice: Japanese people are also there, you know.<\/p>\n<p>\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u304b\u308f\u3044\u3044\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u306f<em>\u3044\u308b<\/em>\uff1f<br \/>\nJohn: Is there cute girl(s)?<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u3042\u306e\u3046\u3001\u4e00\u5fdc\u3001\u79c1\u3082\u884c\u304f\u3051\u3069\uff1f<br \/>\nAlice: Um, just in case, I&#8217;m going too but?<\/p>\n<p>\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u305d\u3046\uff1f\u3084\u3063\u3071\u308a\u3001\u4ffa\u306f\u3044\u3044\u3088\u3002<br \/>\nJohn: Is that so? As I thought, I&#8217;m good.<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u30e0\u30ab\u3064\u304f\u3002<br \/>\nAlice: So irritating.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the state-of-being that we learned in the last chapter, we could only describe what someone or something is. In this section, we&#8217;ll learn to express whether someone or something exists and where. There are two verbs that show existence for animate and inanimate objects. \u3042\u308b (u-verb) &#8211; to exist (inanimate) \u3044\u308b (ru-verb) &#8211; to &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/complete\/existence\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Existence Verbs&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"series":[7],"class_list":["post-427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-verbs","series-complete-guide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=427"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=427"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}