{"id":437,"date":"2017-10-16T18:57:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T22:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/?p=437"},"modified":"2017-10-17T15:09:13","modified_gmt":"2017-10-17T19:09:13","slug":"question-words-and-particles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/complete\/questionwords","title":{"rendered":"Question words and particles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Particles can be used with some question words to form other useful vocabulary. Let’s first learn or review all the various questions words.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u8ab0 \u3010\u3060\u308c\u3011 – who<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f55 \u3010\u306a\u306b\uff0f\u306a\u3093\u3011 – what<\/li>\n
  3. \u3069\u3053 – where<\/li>\n
  4. \u3069\u3046 – how<\/li>\n
  5. \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066 – why<\/li>\n
  6. \u3069\u3061\u3089 – which way<\/li>\n
  7. \u3069\u308c – which<\/li>\n
  8. \u306a\u3093\u3067 – why (casual)<\/li>\n
  9. \u306a\u305c – why (formal)<\/li>\n
  10. \u3044\u3064 – when<\/li>\n
  11. \u3044\u304f\u3064 – how many<\/li>\n
  12. \u3044\u304f\u3089 – how much<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u300c\u3082\u300d with question words<\/h2>\n

    The following question words can be used with \u300c\u3082\u300d to include and\/or exclude everything.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u8ab0\u3082 \u3010\u3060\u308c\u30fb\u3082\u3011 – everybody or nobody when used with negative<\/li>\n
    2. \u4f55\u3082 \u3010\u306a\u306b\u30fb\u3082\u3011 – nothing when used with negative<\/li>\n
    3. \u3069\u3053\u3082 – everywhere or nowhere when used with negative<\/li>\n
    4. \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3082 – no matter what<\/li>\n
    5. \u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082 – both ways<\/li>\n
    6. \u3044\u3064\u3082 – always<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Things aren’t as consistent as one would hope however. For example, \u300c\u4f55\u3082\u300d is usually not used to mean “everything”. And \u300c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u300d always means “always” for both positive and negative forms. Other words can be used instead to express similar concepts.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u7686 \u3010\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3011 – everybody<\/li>\n
      2. \u7686\u3055\u3093 \u3010\u307f\u306a\u30fb\u3055\u3093\u3011 – everybody (polite)<\/li>\n
      3. \u5168\u90e8 \u3010\u305c\u3093\u30fb\u3076\u3011 – everything<\/li>\n
      4. \u5168\u7136\u3000\u3010\u305c\u3093\u30fb\u305c\u3093\u3011 – not at all (when used with negative)<\/li>\n
      5. \u7d76\u5bfe \u3010\u305c\u3063\u30fb\u305f\u3044\u3011 – absolutely, unconditionally or never when used with negative<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u300c\u3067\u3082\u300d with question words<\/h2>\n

        The combination of two particles \u300c\u3067\u3082\u300d can be used with question words to indicate “any”.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u8ab0\u3067\u3082 \u3010\u3060\u308c\u30fb\u3067\u3082\u3011 – anybody<\/li>\n
        2. \u4f55\u3067\u3082 \u3010\u306a\u3093\u30fb\u3067\u3082\u3011 – anything<\/li>\n
        3. \u3069\u3053\u3067\u3082 – anywhere<\/li>\n
        4. \u3069\u3046\u3067\u3082 – anyhow<\/li>\n
        5. \u3069\u3061\u3089\u3067\u3082 – any way<\/li>\n
        6. \u3044\u3064\u3067\u3082 – any time<\/li>\n
        7. \u3044\u304f\u3064\u3067\u3082 – any number of things<\/li>\n
        8. \u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3082 – any amount<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u300c\u304b\u300d with question words<\/h2>\n

          The question marker can also be used with some question words to indicate “some”.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u8ab0\u304b \u3010\u3060\u308c\u30fb\u304b\u3011 – somebody<\/li>\n
          2. \u4f55\u304b \u3010\u306a\u306b\u30fb\u304b\u3011 – something<\/li>\n
          3. \u3069\u3053\u304b – somewhere<\/li>\n
          4. \u3069\u3046\u304b – somehow<\/li>\n
          5. \u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b – one way (of the two)<\/li>\n
          6. \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u304b – for some reason<\/li>\n
          7. \u306a\u3093\u3067\u304b – for some reason (casual)<\/li>\n
          8. \u306a\u305c\u304b – for some reason (formal)<\/li>\n
          9. \u3044\u3064\u304b – sometime<\/li>\n
          10. \u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b – some number of things<\/li>\n
          11. \u3044\u304f\u3089\u304b – some amount<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \"Greetings\"<\/a><\/div>\n

            Comic 5<\/h3>\n
              \n
            1. \u3084\u3063\u3068 – finally<\/li>\n
            2. \u9031\u672b \u3010\u3057\u3085\u3046\u30fb\u307e\u3064\u3011 – weekend<\/li>\n
            3. \u4eca\u9031\u672b \u3010\u3053\u3093\u30fb\u3057\u3085\u3046\u30fb\u307e\u3064\u3011 – this weekend<\/li>\n
            4. \u6687 \u3010\u3072\u307e\u3011 (na-adj) – free (as in not busy)<\/li>\n
            5. \u3069\u3063\u304b – somewhere \uff08slang for \u3069\u3053\u304b\uff09<\/li>\n
            6. \u904a\u3076 \u3010\u3042\u305d\u30fb\u3076\u3011(u-verb) – to play<\/li>\n
            7. \u884c\u304f \u3010\u3044\u30fb\u304f\u3011(u-verb) – to go<\/li>\n
            8. \u6765\u9031 \u3010\u3089\u3044\u30fb\u3057\u3085\u3046\u3011 – next week<\/li>\n
            9. \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e \u3010\u306b\u30fb\u307b\u3093\u30fb\u3054\u3011 – Japanese language<\/li>\n
            10. \u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 – test<\/li>\n
            11. \u3042\u308b (u-verb) – to exist (inanimate)<\/li>\n
            12. \u5927\u4e08\u592b \u3010\u3060\u3044\u30fb\u3058\u3087\u3046\u30fb\u3076\u3011 (na-adj) – ok<\/li>\n
            13. \u3046\u3093 – yes (casual)<\/li>\n
            14. \u591a\u5206 \u3010\u305f\u30fb\u3076\u3093\u3011 – probably; maybe<\/li>\n
            15. \u3058\u3083 – then \uff08casual\uff09<\/li>\n
            16. \u3053\u306e – this<\/li>\n
            17. \u5358\u8a9e \u3010\u305f\u3093\u30fb\u3054\u3011 – word; vocabulary<\/li>\n
            18. \u6f22\u5b57 \u3010\u304b\u3093\u30fb\u3058\u3011 – Kanji<\/li>\n
            19. \u3069\u3046 – how<\/li>\n
            20. \u66f8\u304f \u3010\u304b\u30fb\u304f\u3011(u-verb) – to write<\/li>\n
            21. \u6182\u9b31 \u3010\u3086\u3046\u30fb\u3046\u3064\u3011 – depression<\/li>\n
            22. \u6726\u6727 \u3010\u3082\u3046\u30fb\u308d\u3046\u3011 – dim, hazy<\/li>\n
            23. \u8e8a\u8e87 \u3010\u3061\u3085\u3046\u30fb\u3061\u3087\u3011 – hesitation<\/li>\n
            24. \u305d\u308c – that<\/li>\n
            25. \u51fa\u308b \u3010\u3067\u30fb\u308b\u3011(ru-verb) – to come out<\/li>\n
            26. \u5197\u8ac7 \u3010\u3058\u3087\u3046\u30fb\u3060\u3093\u3011 – joke<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a\u3084\u3063\u3068\u9031\u672b\u3060\uff01\u4eca\u9031\u672b\u306f\u6687\uff1f\u3069\u3063\u304b\u904a\u3073\u306b\u884c\u3053\u3046\u3088\u3002
              \nJohn: (It’s) finally (the) weekend. (Are you) free this weekend? Let’s go somewhere to play.<\/p>\n

              \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a\u6765\u9031\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3051\u3069\u3001\u5927\u4e08\u592b\u306a\u306e\uff1f
              \nAlice: There’s (a) Japanese test next week but are (you) ok?<\/p>\n

              \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a\u3046\u3093\u3001\u591a\u5206\u5927\u4e08\u592b\u3002
              \nJohn: Yeah, probably ok.<\/p>\n

              \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a\u3058\u3083\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u6f22\u5b57\u3067\u3069\u3046\u66f8\u304f\u306e\uff1f
              \nAlice: Then how do (you) write this word in Kanji?<\/p>\n

              \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a\u5168\u7136\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306d\u3002
              \nJohn: (I) don’t know at all.<\/p>\n

              \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a\u6182\u9b31\u3068\u6726\u6727\u3068\u8e8a\u8e87\u3060\u3088\u3002
              \nAlice: (It’s) \u6182\u9b31 and \u6726\u6727 and \u8e8a\u8e87.<\/p>\n

              \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u51fa\u308b\u306e\uff1f\uff01
              \nJohn: Is that coming out on (the) test?<\/p>\n

              \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a\u5197\u8ac7\u3088\u3002\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u51fa\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3002
              \nAlice: (It’s a) joke. (It) won’t come out on the test.<\/p>\n

              Never mind, you guys are too weird<\/h3>\n
                \n
              1. \u306d\uff0f\u306d\u3048 – hey (casual)<\/li>\n
              2. \u4eca\u65e5 \u3010\u304d\u3087\u3046\u3011 – today<\/li>\n
              3. \u663c\u3054\u98ef \u3010\u3072\u308b\u30fb\u3054\u30fb\u306f\u3093\u3011 – lunch<\/li>\n
              4. \u3069\u3063\u304b – somewhere \uff08slang for \u3069\u3053\u304b\uff09<\/li>\n
              5. \u50d5 \u3010\u307c\u304f\u3011 – me, myself (polite, masculine)<\/li>\n
              6. \u4f55\u3067\u3082 \u3010\u306a\u3093\u30fb\u3067\u3082\u3011 – anything<\/li>\n
              7. \u3058\u3083 – then (casual)<\/li>\n
              8. \u304a\u3044\u3057\u3044 (i-adj) – tasty<\/li>\n
              9. \u7269 \u3010\u3082\u306e\u3011 – physical object<\/li>\n
              10. \u5f53\u305f\u308a\u524d \u3010\u3042\u30fb\u305f\u308a\u30fb\u307e\u3048\u3011 – obvious<\/li>\n
              11. \u8ab0 \u3010\u3060\u308c\u3011 – who<\/li>\n
              12. \u7686 \u3010\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3011- everybody (casual)<\/li>\n
              13. \u76f8\u5909\u308f\u3089\u305a \u3010\u3042\u3044\u30fb\u304b\u30fb\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3011- as usual, without change<\/li>\n
              14. \u5909 \u3010\u3078\u3093\u3011 (na-adj) – strange<\/li>\n
              15. \u98df\u5802 \u3010\u3057\u3087\u304f\u30fb\u3069\u3046\u3011- cafeteria<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u306d\u3048\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u306e\u663c\u3054\u98ef\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3063\u304b<\/em>\u306b\u98df\u3079\u306b\u884c\u3053\u3046\u3088\u3002
                \nAlice: Hey, as for today’s lunch, let’s go somewhere to eat.<\/p>\n

                \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u305d\u3046\u3060\u306d\u3002\u4f55\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3088\u3046\u304b\uff1f
                \nJohn: Right. What shall we eat?<\/p>\n

                \u30ea\u30fc\uff1a \u50d5\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u3067\u3082<\/em>\u3044\u3044\u3088\u3002
                \nLee: I’m fine with anything.<\/p>\n

                \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u3058\u3083\u3001\u4f55\u304b<\/em>\u304a\u3044\u3057\u3044\u7269\u3092\u98df\u3079\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\uff1f
                \nAlice: Then, don’t (you) want to eat something tasty?<\/p>\n

                \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u305d\u308c\u306f\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u524d\u3060\u3002\u8ab0\u304c\u304a\u3044\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u7269\u3092\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044\u3093\u3060\uff1f
                \nJohn: That’s obvious. Who wants to eat a thing not tasty?<\/p>\n

                \u30ea\u30fc\uff1a \u50d5\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u3067\u3082<\/em>\u3044\u3044\u3088\u3002
                \nLee: I’m fine with anything.<\/p>\n

                \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a \u3058\u3083\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u304a\u3044\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u7269\u306b\u30c1\u30e3\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u3057\u3088\u3046\uff01
                \nJohn: Then, let’s challenge (ourselves) today with something not tasty!<\/p>\n

                \u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\uff1a \u7686\u3001\u76f8\u5909\u308f\u3089\u305a\u5909\u306d\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u3082\u98df\u5802\u3067\u3044\u3044\u3088\u3002
                \nAlice: Everybody is strange as usual, huh? The cafeteria is fine for today as well.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Particles can be used with some question words to form other useful vocabulary. Let’s first learn or review all the various questions words. \u8ab0 \u3010\u3060\u308c\u3011 – who \u4f55 \u3010\u306a\u306b\uff0f\u306a\u3093\u3011 – what \u3069\u3053 – where \u3069\u3046 – how \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066 – why \u3069\u3061\u3089 – which way \u3069\u308c – which \u306a\u3093\u3067 – why (casual) \u306a\u305c – why (formal) … <\/p>\n

                Continue reading “Question words and particles”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"series":[7],"class_list":["post-437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-verbs","series-complete-guide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=437"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/437\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=437"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guidetojapanese.org\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}